References¶
John Allen and Ken Kennedy. Automatic Loop Interchange. In SIGPLAN Notlce8, volume 19, 233–246. June 1984.
J. Allison, K. Amako, J. Apostolakis, P. Arce, M. Asai, T. Aso, E. Bagli, A. Bagulya, S. Banerjee, G. Barrand, B.R. Beck, A.G. Bogdanov, D. Brandt, J.M.C. Brown, H. Burkhardt, \relax Ph. Canal, D. Cano-Ott, S. Chauvie, K. Cho, G.A.P. Cirrone, G. Cooperman, M.A. Cortés-Giraldo, G. Cosmo, G. Cuttone, G. Depaola, L. Desorgher, X. Dong, A. Dotti, V.D. Elvira, G. Folger, Z. Francis, A. Galoyan, L. Garnier, M. Gayer, K.L. Genser, V.M. Grichine, S. Guatelli, P. Guèye, P. Gumplinger, A.S. Howard, I. Hřivnáčová, S. Hwang, S. Incerti, A. Ivanchenko, V.N. Ivanchenko, F.W. Jones, S.Y. Jun, P. Kaitaniemi, N. Karakatsanis, M. Karamitros, M. Kelsey, A. Kimura, T. Koi, H. Kurashige, A. Lechner, S.B. Lee, F. Longo, M. Maire, D. Mancusi, A. Mantero, E. Mendoza, B. Morgan, K. Murakami, T. Nikitina, L. Pandola, P. Paprocki, J. Perl, I. Petrović, M.G. Pia, W. Pokorski, J.M. Quesada, M. Raine, M.A. Reis, A. Ribon, A. Ristić Fira, F. Romano, G. Russo, G. Santin, T. Sasaki, D. Sawkey, J.I. Shin, I.I. Strakovsky, A. Taborda, S. Tanaka, B. Tomé, T. Toshito, H.N. Tran, P.R. Truscott, L. Urban, V. Uzhinsky, J.M. Verbeke, M. Verderi, B.L. Wendt, H. Wenzel, D.H. Wright, D.M. Wright, T. Yamashita, J. Yarba, and H. Yoshida. Recent developments in Geant4. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 835:186–225, November 2016. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125.
G Amadio, Ananya, J Apostolakis, M Bandieramonte, S Behera, A Bhattacharyya, R Brun, P Canal, F Carminati, G Cosmo, V Drogan, L Duhem, D Elvira, K Genser, A Gheata, M Gheata, I Goulas, F Hariri, V Ivantchenko, S Jun, P Karpinski, G Khattak, D Konstantinov, H Kumawat, G Lima, J Martínez-Castro, P Mendez Lorenzo, A Miranda-Aguilar, K Nikolics, M Novak, E Orlova, W Pokorski, A Ribon, R Sehgal, R Schmitz, S Sharan, O Shadura, S Vallecorsa, and S Wenzel. GeantV alpha release. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1085:032037, September 2018. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1085/3/032037.
H. A. Bethe. Molière's Theory of Multiple Scattering. Physical Review, 89(6):1256–1266, March 1953. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.89.1256.
René Brun, F Bruyant, Federico Carminati, Simone Giani, M Maire, A McPherson, G Patrick, and L Urban. GEANT: Detector Description and Simulation Tool; Oct 1994. W5013, CERN, 1993. doi:10.17181/CERN.MUHF.DMJ1.
A.V. Butkevich, R.P. Kokoulin, G.V. Matushko, and S.P. Mikheyev. Comments on multiple scattering of high-energy muons in thick layers. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 488(1-2):282–294, August 2002. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00478-3.
Philippe Canal. Geant Exascale Pilot Project. 2019.
Joseph C. Collins. Testing, Selection, and Implementation of Random Number Generators:. Technical Report, Defense Technical Information Center, Fort Belvoir, VA, July 2008. doi:10.21236/ADA486379.
Hiroshi Haramoto, Makoto Matsumoto, Takuji Nishimura, François Panneton, and Pierre L'Ecuyer. Efficient Jump Ahead for $\mathbb F$\textsubscript 2 -Linear Random Number Generators. INFORMS Journal on Computing, 20(3):385–390, August 2008. doi:10.1287/ijoc.1070.0251.
Richard H. Helm. Inelastic and Elastic Scattering of 187-Mev Electrons from Selected Even-Even Nuclei. Physical Review, 104(5):1466–1475, December 1956. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.104.1466.
Seth R. Johnson, Stefano Castro Tognini, Elliott Biondo, Thomas Evans, Julien Esseiva, Philippe Canal, Amanda Lund, Ben Morgan, Soon Yung Jun, Guilherme Lima, Marcel Demarteau, and Paul Romano. Celeritas R&D Report: Accelerating Geant4. Technical Report ORNL/TM-2023/3204, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, January 2024. doi:10.2172/2281972.
Seth R. Johnson, Rob Lefebvre, and Kursat Bekar. ORANGE: Oak Ridge Advanced Nested Geometry Engine. Technical Report ORNL/TM-2023/3190, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2025.
Awais Khan, Hyogi Sim, Sudharshan S. Vazhkudai, Ali R. Butt, and Youngjae Kim. An Analysis of System Balance and Architectural Trends Based on Top500 Supercomputers. In The International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region, 11–22. Virtual Event Republic of Korea, January 2021. ACM. doi:10.1145/3432261.3432263.
Claude Leroy and Pier-Georgio Rancoita. Principles of Radiation Interaction in Matter and Detection. World Scientific, New Jersey, 4th edition edition, 2016. ISBN 978-981-4603-20-1. URL: https://doi-org.ezproxy.cern.ch/10.1142/9167.
Teng Lijian, Hou Qing, and Luo Zhengming. Analytic fitting to the mott cross section of electrons. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 45(2):235–245, February 1995. doi:10.1016/0969-806X(94)00063-8.
Leif Lönnblad. CLHEP—a project for designing a C++ class library for high energy physics. Computer Physics Communications, 84(1-3):307–316, November 1994. doi:10.1016/0010-4655(94)90217-8.
George Marsaglia. Xorshift RNGs. Journal of Statistical software, 8:1–6, 2003.
George Marsaglia and Wai Wan Tsang. A simple method for generating gamma variables. ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, 26(3):363–372, September 2000. doi:10.1145/358407.358414.
Elia Merzari, Steven Hamilton, Thomas Evans, Misun Min, Paul Fischer, Stefan Kerkemeier, Jun Fang, Paul Romano, Yu-Hsiang Lan, Malachi Phillips, Elliott Biondo, Katherine Royston, Tim Warburton, Noel Chalmers, and Thilina Rathnayake. Exascale Multiphysics Nuclear Reactor Simulations for Advanced Designs. In Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, SC23. Denver, CO, USA, 2023. Association for Computing Machinery. doi:10.1145/3581784.3627038.
Stephen M. Seltzer and Martin J. Berger. Bremsstrahlung spectra from electron interactions with screened atomic nuclei and orbital electrons. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 12(1):95–134, August 1985. doi:10.1016/0168-583X(85)90707-4.
Stephen M. Seltzer and Martin J. Berger. Bremsstrahlung energy spectra from electrons with kinetic energy 1 keV–10 GeV incident on screened nuclei and orbital electrons of neutral atoms with Z = 1–100. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, 35(3):345–418, November 1986. doi:10.1016/0092-640X(86)90014-8.
Eite Tiesinga, Peter J. Mohr, David B. Newell, and Barry N. Taylor. CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2018. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 50(3):033105, September 2021. doi:10.1063/5.0064853.
Yung-Su Tsai. Pair production and bremsstrahlung of charged leptons. Reviews of Modern Physics, 46(4):815–851, October 1974. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.46.815.
Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. The International System of Units. Technical Report, International Bureau of Weights and Measures, 2019. URL: https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure.
CMS Offline Software and Computing. Evolution of the CMS Computing Model towards Phase-2. CMS Note 2021/001, CERN, Geneva. Switzerland, January 2021. URL: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2751565/files/NOTE2021_001.pdf.
J M Fernández-Varea, J. B. Mayol, and Salvat. On the theory and simulation of multiple elastic scattering of electrons. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, B73:447–473, 1993. doi:10.1016/0168-583X(93)95827-R.
Hollenbach, DF, Petrie, LM, and Landers, NF. KENO-VI: A Monte Carlo Criticality Program with generalized quadratic geometry. In Physics and Methods in Criticality Safety. Nashville, TN, September 1993.
The ATLAS Collaboration. ATLAS HL-LHC Computing Conceptual Design Report. Technical Report CERN-LHCC-2020-015/LHCC-G-178, CERN, November 2020. URL: https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/ComputingandSoftwarePublicResults.
The Geant4 Collaboration. Geant4 physics reference manual. 2023. URL: https://geant4-userdoc.web.cern.ch/UsersGuides/PhysicsReferenceManual/html/index.html.